China is to introduce new mandatory national safety standards for cosmetics, taking effect on 1 January 2028.

The standards, formulated by the National Medical Products Administration and issued by the State Administration for Market Regulation, set strict limits on microbes, heavy metals and other harmful substances.

They will also set limits on the amount of bacteria, mould and yeast that cosmetics can contain.

In addition, they will prohibit the presence of several microorganisms that can pose serious health risks, including thermotolerant coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

They will replace older hygiene standards for cosmetics published in 1987.

The new standard is designed to provide a comprehensive safety benchmark for all cosmetics produced and sold in China, authorities told China Daily.

It is based in part on microbiological limits set by the International Organization for Standardization, but introduces stricter requirements for certain products.

For cosmetics intended for children, the requirements are about 10 times stricter.

They apply mainly to cleansers, moisturizers, powders and sunscreens intended for children up to 12 years of age, as well as products used around the eyes, on eyelashes and on the mouth and lips.

The standard also sets maximum limits for eight harmful substances, including lead, arsenic, mercury and cadmium.

For raw materials that could leave behind residues of methanol, asbestos, benzene or other hazardous substances, manufacturers must strictly control the levels of such residues and increase testing, according to the standard.

The new rules are part of efforts to strengthen safety oversight as China's cosmetics industry continues to expand.

Official data from the National Medical Products Administration shows that China's cosmetics market surpassed 1.1 trillion yuan ($163 billion) for the first time in 2025, an increase of 2.8 percent year-on-year.

The number of cosmetics manufacturers has also grown sharply, from about 70 in 1980 to more than 6,000 in 2026.

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Source: Personal Care Magazine (https://www.personalcaremagazine.com/)

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